Friday, June 20, 2014

List of programming and computer science terms

ternary search tree
三元搜索树

trie n. 特里结构;单词查找树


Friday, June 13, 2014

List of Math Terms

quantization [,kwɔntai'zeiʃən; -ti'z-]
n. quantize的变形
quantize ['kwɔntaiz]
vt.
.-tizing
【物理学】使量子化;用量子理论表示
【数学】表现为某一个定量的整数倍
【电信学】使(信号等)量子化
变形:
vt. quantized

binomial coefficient
[数] 二项式系数
binomial [bai'nəumjəl]
n.
【数学】二项式
【生物学】双名
adj.
【数学】二项式的
【生物学】双名的
coefficient
英 [,kəʊɪ'fɪʃ(ə)nt] 美 [,koɪ'fɪʃnt]
n. [数] 系数;率;协同因素

adj. 合作的;共同作用的,协作的,合作的

orthogonal [ɔ:'θɔɡənəl]
adj.
【数学、统计学、晶体学】正交的;直交的
【制图】正投影的
n.
【数学】 正交直线;矩形面
orthogonal vector
正交矢量
[数] 正交向量
perpendicular [,pə:pən'dikjulə]
adj.
成直角的;正交的;垂直的
矗立的;体态笔直的
险陡的;陡立的;陡峭的
贯穿不同类型(或层次)的;由不同类型(或层次)组成的
社会式的
[P-]【建筑学】垂直式的
n.
垂规;铅垂线
垂直线;垂直面
垂直;垂线
直立;直立姿势
陡坡;峭壁
正直;刚正
[P-]垂直式建筑
[俚语]站着进餐
近义词:
vertical
The sides of the mountain are almost perpendicular.

dot product
[数] 点积;标量积
right angle
【数学】直角
axis1 ['æksis]
n.

轴线;中心线
(运动、发展的)主线;中枢
核心,中心
[比喻]轴心(国家、集团等之间的联盟)

[总称]参加轴心的国家

recurrence relation
[数] 递归关系,递推关系

The solution to each of them could be expressed as a recurrence relation.
conditional probability
【数学、统计学】条件概率
logarithmic function 
[数] 对数函数

加权矩阵 ( weight matriX )
confusion matrix
【计算机】干扰矩阵, 混淆矩阵
contingency table 
[数] 列联表;[统计] 相依表

covariance matrix
【统计学】协方差矩阵,互变量矩阵

joint probability
【统计学】联合机率,联合概率

axioms of probability 
概率公理

axiom ['æksiəm]
n.格言,箴言
(科学、艺术等的)原理,定理,原则,准则,规律,定律
【逻辑学、数学】公理

Prior probability先验概率
Posterior probability 后验概率
隐含变量:latent variable

variance['veərɪəns]
n. 变异;变化;不一致;分歧;[数] 方差
error variance 误差方差 ; 误差变量 ; 误差偏差 ; 误差变异
Common variance 公共方差 ; 公方差
adverse variance 不利差异 ; 逆差 ; 不利差异逆差 ; 倒霉差异
be at variance
龃龉;不和睦;矛盾;敌对
有分歧,不一致;相反,背道而驰

English Words: Stock, Securities

collateral[kə'læt(ə)r(ə)l]
adj. 并行的;旁系的;附属的
n. 抵押品;[法] 担保品;旁系亲属
Lenders have to set aside less capital for loans against property because of its security as collateral. 
You are charged interest on the amount you borrow, and the holdings in your account serve as collateral to secure the loan.

margin account 
[金融] 保证金帐户;融资帐户

short sales 
[贸易] 卖期货,卖空

Short Term Sales 短期出售

market order 
[贸易] 市场定购单
Market Stop Order 止损市价报单

限价指令(limit order):限价指令是指定一个价格,当市场价格低于这个价格时买进;或者指定一个价格,当市场价格高于这个价格时卖出。

ask price 
卖价;卖盘价,沽盘价

illiquid[ɪ'lɪkwɪd] 
【商业】
非现金的;不能立即兑现的
无流动资金的;缺少流动资金的
【法律】(债务、所有权等)不明确的;无书面文件可援引的

illiquidity[,ɪlɪ'kwɪdəti] 
n. [金融] 非流动性;非现金的;不能立即付现
illiquidity premium 非流动性溢价
Illiquidity Discount 非流通性折扣
The illiquidity of the portfolios counted against them. 

List of English Names

Euclidean [ju:'klidiən] 
adj. 欧几里德几何学的;欧几里德的

Bayes 
n. 贝叶斯
Naive Bayes Classifier
朴素贝叶斯分类器
proportionality constant 
正比常数,[数] 比例常数

Levenshtein 
n. (Levenshtein)人名;(爱沙、俄)莱文斯坦
Levenshtein distance
sieve of Eratosthenes
【数学】爱拉托逊新筛法

Alferd
亚尔弗列得
名字含义: 睿智的顾问;聪明帮手

New Words List For June 2014

dimensionality
英 [dɪ,menʃə'nælətɪ] 美 [daɪmɛnʃə'næləti]
n. 维度;幅员;广延

combinatorics [kəm,bainə'tɔ:riks]
n. [复数,动词用单数]【数学】组合学,组合数学(=combinatorial analysis)[亦称作 combinatorial mathematics]

prostitute ['prɔstitju:t]
vt.
使沦为娼妓:
She prostituted herself in order to support her children.
He never prostituted his great acting talent by appearing in television advertisement.
n.
妓女;娼妓;(为图钱而)搞同性恋的男人;男妓
贪钱而粗制滥造的女人;出卖名誉者
变形:
vt. prostituted . prostituting


disjoint [dis'dʒɔint]
vt.
使…的关节分离(或脱离),使脱臼,使脱位:
The old man disjointed his knee when he fell.

老人跌跤时把膝关节摔脱了臼。

肢解;拆开,拆散,拆卸,使断离,使分裂;使解体:
The criminal killed and disjointed her.

罪犯杀死并肢解了她。

瓦解;使紊乱,使混乱,扰乱;破坏…的连贯性(或统一性、条理性);断绝;使失去联系:
to disjoint the peace

扰乱治安

vi.
脱臼,关节脱位:
Her ankle disjointed when she fell.

她跌了一跤,脚踝脱臼了。

被拆开,脱开,分离,散架子:
He disjointed from his family.

他脱离了家庭。

adj.
【数学】不相交的
[废语]脱臼的,关节脱离的;被拆开的(=disjointed)

neutralize ['nju:trəlaiz]
vt.
宣布中立;使中立化:
to neutralize a city to prevent bombing

宣布某城市中立以避免被轰炸

使无效,抵消;使无价值:
My efforts were neutralized by your one word.

你的一句话把我的一切努力全给毁了。

【军事】压制(火力)
【电学】使成中性
【化学】中和
vi.
中立化,成中立
成为无效,失效
【电学】呈中性
【化学】中和
变形:
vt. neutralized . neutralizing

puppet ['pʌpit]
n.
(演木偶戏用的)木偶 [参较 hand puppet,marionette]
受他人操纵的人;傀儡
【机械学】(车床的)随转尾座
娃娃,玩偶
adj.
木偶的
傀儡的;受人操纵(或支配)的

homebrew
n. 自酿(啤)酒;公司自产自用

proposition [,prɔpə'ziʃən]
n.
提议;建议;主张;提案;计划
议题;论点;陈述
【逻辑学】命题
【数学】命题;(待证明的)定理;待解决的问题
【修辞学】(要讨论的)主题;主题句
[美国口语]邪恶的建议;(尤指)下流的要求
[美国口语]事业,企业;生意
[美国口语]家伙;问题;事情;东西;目的
vt.[美国英语]向…提出(尤指不合理的)要求;向…提议:
She was propositioned several times in the course of the evening.
a tough (或 nasty) proposition [口语]难对付的人;难处理的事
make someone a proposition
[口语]向某人提出一项办法(或提议)
[委婉语]向某人(尤指女人)提出发生性关系的要求
not a proposition 不可能成功的,不像会成功的
propositional logic
[数][计] 命题逻辑

conjunction [kən'dʒʌŋkʃən]
n.
连接,联结,结合,联合
(事件等的)同时发生,巧合
【语法学】连(接)词
【天文学】(天体的)合;合点
【数学、逻辑学】合取
结合物;联合者
短语:
in conjunction with 连同;和…协力
disjunction [dis'dʒʌŋkʃən]
n.
分离,分开,分裂,折断[亦作disjuncture]
【逻辑学】
(复合命题的)析取;析取命题,选言命题[亦称作disjunctive,inclusive disjunction或exclusive disjunction]
连接符号(常用OR或V表示)
【生物学】(同源染色体在减数分裂期间的)分裂

eloquent ['eləkwənt]
adj.
雄辩的,口才流利的,流畅的
(语言等)有说服力的
生动地表达的,明显地表露出来的;富于表情的,逼真的
I heard him make a very eloquent speech at that dinner.
gem [dʒem]
n.
(尤指经过精雕细刻,可用作珠宝饰物的)宝石,玉石,美玉
珍宝;珍品
精华;佳作
受人重视者;受人尊敬的人;被人喜欢的人
[美国英语]粗面松饼
[英国英语]【印刷】(西文)4点活字
[废语]芽,叶芽
vt.
用宝石装饰(或镶嵌)
在…中探寻宝石;从…中开采宝石
[古语]开(花);结(果)
adj.
【珠宝】完善的,无瑕的,品质极优良的

counter example
[经] 反例
And in fact they got two counter example to that.

Could you find a counter example? 

herb [hə:b; ə:b]
n.
【植物学】草本植物;草
(用作药品、食品、香料等的)芳草、香草;药草
(牧场上的)牧草
[美国俚语]大麻
[俚语]抢劫对象
短语:
give it the herbs [澳大利亚俚语](尤指踏压汽车油门)竭尽全力

culinary ['kʌlinəri]
adj.
厨房的

烹饪的,烹调用的

jumbo ['dʒʌmbəu]
n.
体大而笨拙的人(或物);庞然大物
巨型喷气式客机(= jumbo jet)
大受欢迎的人
adj.
巨大的,巨型的,特大的

...a jumbo box of tissues.

sprint [sprint]
vi.(尤指短距离)冲刺,全速奔跑(或划船等):
She began to sprint on the last two laps.
她在最后两圈时开始冲刺了。
vt.冲刺,全速跑过:
to sprint a half mile
n.短距离的全速跑;冲刺
You'll have to sprint if you want to catch the train.
He sprinted past the other runners just before reaching the tape.

vagrant ['veiɡrənt]
n.
流浪者
无业游民;乞丐;无赖
adj.
漂泊不定的,流浪的
流浪者的
【植物学】蔓生的;散开生长的
He lived on the street as a vagrant.
A vagrant is lying on the bench, enjoying the sunshine.。
You shall be a vagrant and a wanderer on earth.

After leading a vagrant life, he was too glad to get back to his home town.

convergence [kən'və:dʒəns]
n.
会聚,会合,集中
集中性,集合状态
集中点,会合点
【生物学】趋同(现象)
【气象学】辐合;辐合度[参较divergence]
(不同政治制度国家间的)趋同共存;缓解(缩小共产党国家与非共产党国家之间的分歧)
经济一体化
(数码技术与模拟技术的)结合[亦作 convergency]

With convergence to an ideal state, you can expect the system to be in or near that ideal state.

hindsight ['haindsait]
n.
(枪的)表尺,后瞄准镜
事后的聪明,事后的认识
短语:
kick(或knock) someone's hindsight off (或out) [美国口语] 把某人彻底打垮;把某人彻底干掉
With hindsight, we'd all do things differently.
事后想来,我们可能都会以不同的方式做事。
We are all products of our time, and we only have hindsight.

我们都是时代的产物,而我们都只有事后聪明。

For the impatient
In a hurry?

jump the gun偷跑;行动过早;未听发令枪就起跑
to do something too soon, especially without thinking carefully about it
He shouted at me before I had time to explain, but later he apologised for jumping the gun.
ut we need not jump the gun; rather, we should look at things a bit deeper.
Don't jump the gun before you really know what's going on.
Sorry for jumping the gun here 

a snap decision 仓促的决定
"It was a snap decision" she said, seated on her hospital bed, her face swathed in bandages.

attribute英 ['ætrɪbjuːt]
vt.把 ... 归于
n.属性;标志;象征;特征
Many people's success can be attributed to hard work and a bit of luck.


pit
n.坑;矿井;陷阱;凹痕;(剧院的)正厅后排;(枣)核
vt.使凹陷;使竞争
vi.凹陷
The children were playing in the sand pit.
They dug a pit to bury the rubbish.
The ground was pitted by the heavy rain.
The managers want to pit the champion against an unknown.

sweep[swiːp]
v.打扫;掠过;扫视;席卷;全胜;清除
n.清扫;连绵一片;席卷;掠过;范围;搜寻;(竞赛中)全胜;赌金
He picked up the broom to help me sweep the floor.
This floor needs a good sweep.
The long sweep of the distant hills could just be seen.

calamity [kə'læməti]
n.灾难;不幸事件
The recent flooding in the south was a calamity.
She is always on the alert for some new calamity.

resultant [rɪ'zʌltənt]
adj.作为结果的;合成的
n.结果;产物;[数学] 合矢量;结式
There was a fight,and the resultant damage was serious.

grumpy ['ɡrʌmpi]
China has been a grumpy taker in this process.
If you find that your grumpy mood is becoming a habit, try expressive writing.

hooray [hu'reɪ]
n.叫好声
int.好哇;万岁!=hurray
The assistants raised a formidable hurrah.
"Hurrah!" they shouted as the team scored again.
Hooray! You did it. That's my boy. You'll be a trumpet player when you get older.

Hooray for open source!

indictable[ɪn'daɪtəbl]
adj可起诉的;可被控告的;应起诉的,应告发的 (罪行)可能招致起诉的
Evidence suggested that the official was indictable for the crime.

poster['pəʊstə(r)]
n.海报;装饰画;急行旅人
The poster only stayed up a few hours before it was stolen.
He put up a poster advertising the circus.

circus ['sɜːkəs]
n.马戏团;马戏表演;竞技场;广场
The circus placarded the city with advertisements.

quiesce [kwaɪ'es]
v. 【计算机】静止,停顿;禁止操作(多道程序计算机的停机过程)

preliminary[prɪ'lɪmɪnəri]
adj.初步的;预备的;开始的
n.初步行动;准备;初步措施
They have made a preliminary investigation.
Our team got beaten in the preliminary rounds of the competition.

parole英 [pə'rəʊl]  美 [pə'rol] 
n. 语言;誓言,诺言;释放宣言
(尤指战俘保证在释放后不再参战的誓言)
假释;有条件释放;(在狱中获准的)有条件自由;假释期;假释证
[美国英语](只有当日值日官知道的)特别口令;特别暗号
vt. 有条件释放,假释;使假释出狱;宣誓后释放
If convicted, he faces life in prison with no chance of parole. 
Also, elderly inmates without family or community ties have virtually no chance of parole, which is granted only for those with a reliable guardian.

advance parole
回美纸, 请假证(ADVANCE PAROLE)是准许正在等待调整身份的外国人,在美国以外的国家作短期旅行后回到美国来的许可证.每个I-485等待审理的申请人在离开美国之前
Advance Parole Document 回美纸

sling 英 [slɪŋ] 
n. [机] 吊索;投石器;抛掷
vt. 用投石器投掷;吊起
[ 过去式 slung 过去分词 slung 现在分词 slinging ]
vt 用投石器抛(石块):
吊挂,悬挂
to sling up a hammock between two tree-trunks
吊;吊运
to sling goods from the ship down to the dock
抛,扔,投,掷
to sling stones at somebody
to sling one's bag onto the floor
vi [澳大利亚口语]贿赂;付小费:
to sling to the referee
向裁判行贿
to sling the waiter the changes

polarity英 [pə(ʊ)'lærɪtɪ] 美 [pə'lærəti]
n. 【物理学】(二)极性,极
(思想、感情等的)归向;倾向
【生物学】反向性;极性
【数学】配极(变换)
(性格、行动等的)截然相反;对立

ecstatic [ik'stætik]
adj.
狂喜的,欣喜若狂的,欢天喜地的
引起狂喜的
出神的,心醉神迷的,使着迷的,陶醉的
n.
[用复数]狂喜;出神
易陷入心醉神迷状态的人
(因宗教情绪等所致)心醉神迷的人
[亦作 E- ][美国俚语]“灵魂出窍”(或“销魂”)迷幻药服用者
And then an ecstatic scream of joy; and then , alas !  

stroller ['strəulə]
n.
散步的人,闲荡者
流浪者,漂泊者
江湖艺人;巡回演出的演员
[美国英语](折叠式)婴儿小推车
[用复数]平底便鞋,轻便鞋
baby stroller 婴儿推车

lodging ['lɔdʒiŋ]
vt.
lodge的变形
n.
住宿;寄宿,借宿
(临时)住处;(临时性)寓所
[用复数]
(租住的)一间(或数间)房间;公寓房间;寄宿舍
(英国牛津大学)学院院长住宅
存放处

prominent ['prɔminənt]
突起的;凸出的
突出的;显著的;杰出的
著名的;重要的;卓越的
The newspapers gave prominent coverage to the news. 
A prominent example is the first sentence in an article where the title is mistakenly identified to be the first part of the first sentence.

concordance [kən'kɔ:dəns]
n.一致,和谐,协调
索引,主要词语索引
项目索引
There is reasonable concordance between the two sets of results.
Patent Concordance 专利对照索引

taxonomy ['tæk'sɔnəmi]
n. 分类学;分类法
However, some people consider glossary and taxonomy as metadata as well. 

affective
英 [ə'fektɪv]
感情方面的,感情(上)的,情感的;由感情引起的
引起(或表达)感情的,激起情感的;激动人的,令人感动的

vanilla
英 [və'nɪlə]  美 [və'nɪlə] 
n. 香子兰,香草
adj. 香草味的
缺乏特色的,平凡的,普通的
His suggestions: use basil, ginger, vanilla or — in this case, strawberry.
This is also pretty vanilla.

shingle1 ['ʃiŋɡl]
n.【建筑业】木瓦,墙面板
(女式)短发(发型)
[口语](律师、医生等的)小招牌
vt.
用木瓦覆盖…的屋顶;用墙面板装修(墙面等)
使交搭,使叠盖
给(女子)剪成短发

digression [dai'ɡreʃən]
n.
(谈话或写作的)离题,漫笔,漫谈
离题话,枝节话,闲话,离题的段落(或部分),枝节内容
偏离,背离

discourse ['diskɔ:s; dis'kɔ:s]
n.
交谈,谈话;话语;言语
演讲,演说;讲道;讲课;学术讲演
论文;论述;论说;(口头或书面对某问题进行的)正式讨论
【语言学】语段;话语,言谈;语篇,篇章
vi.
谈话,交谈,谈论;交换意见:

They discoursed at the gate for a while.

List of English Animal Nouns

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_animal_nouns
Panther 英 ['pænθə]
n. 豹;黑豹;美洲豹
n. (Panther)人名;(英)潘瑟

swan 英 [swɒn]
n. 天鹅;天鹅星座
vi. 游荡,闲荡
n. (Swan)人名;(英、芬、德)斯旺
Toads pursuit of swans, swan disdain said: If I as long as you die! 
black swan 黑天鹅;珍品
swan song 绝笔,最后的作品;天鹅临死时的叫声